Fuel composition



' hydrocarbons.

ffatentepl June 10, 1924..

F iii DONALD IB. KEYES,'OIi NEW YQRK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO U. S.INDUSTRIAL ALCOHOL I 60., A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

FUEL comrosrrro'u.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DONALD B. KnYEs, a citizen of the United States, aresident of New York, in the county ofNew York and 5 v State of NewYork, have invented a certain new and useful Fuel Composition, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to a new fuel composition containing unsaturatedopen chain The invention has as an object the provision of a fuelcomposition containing a blending agent which has a highcalorific valueand has sufficient volatility to start an engine without having so hi havvolatility that it will escape from t e compo-' sition. A furtherobject is to provide such a composition having'a comparatively slow rateof explosion. A still further object is to provide such a compositionwhichcan be produced cheaply and can be handled in the liquid statewithout excessive loss by evaporation. Further objects will appear fromthe following description.

Although my invention is capable of embodiment in, many forms, as aspecific embodiment of my invention the following composition may beutilized A fuel is prepared by mixing 50 parts an by weight of ethylalcohol, 40 parts by weight of a light petroleum distillate such asasoline or keroseneor a mixture of both,-

'an 10 parts by weight of normal butylene (C H These proportions mayvary as,

'35 for example, between to 70 parts alcohol,

25 to 50 parts petroleum distillate, and from 5 to 15 parts butylene.-The alcohol may have an alcoholic content .of 95% or over.

This fuel is very effectively blended by vir- 40 tue of the presence ofthe butylene, andthe boiling point of the latter (-5 C.) is not so lowas to render the butylene too volatile and likely to escape, yet itisnot so high as to prevent the butylene from acting as a starting agentfor the motor. The

butylene moreover has good calorific value and can be manufactured atlow cost.

In place of the light petroleum distillates in the above compositionthere may be substituted wholly or in part benzol or its equivalents,and in place of ethyl alcohol may be substituted some of the otheralcohols suitable for use in fuels. Amon such alcohols may be mentionedmethyl a cohol,

55. propyl, butyl and amyl alcohols, but ethyl ing, specification.

Application filed December 29, 1921. SerialNo. 525,706.

alcohol is of course preferred. It is'preferable to have saturatedhydrocarbons present such as gasoline and kerosene, but they may beomitted if desired. When present in fairly small proportions they do notcause any serious variations in the composition of the fuels and serveto impart to the fuel properties which the alcohol alone could notfurnish.

While butylene has been mentioned in the preferred embodiment, there aremany other unsaturated open chain hydrocarbons which can be used inplace thereof.- For example the other butylenes may be employed, thatis,

beta butylene, CHz-OH OH-CHB or iso butylene, CHa

* O:CHn. CH:

Amylenes may be used such as normal amylene OHa(OHn)2CH i CH; isoamylene (OHs)zO:CHCHs betaamylene C2He- OH 2 CH OH. Suitable compoundsin the acetylene serles maybe used, it being desired to utihze compoundswhose volatility is neither too high nor too low. In this group may bementioned for example In the above fuel compositions it will be apparentthat many variations will be possible, as for. example combinationscontaining the various alcohols and the unsaturated open I chainhydrocarbons mentioned and their equivalents. Any unsaturated open chainhydrocarbon suitable for use in an alcoholic fuel may be employed. It isdesirable that such compounds have boiling points lying under 50 C. andthat they have the properties of decreasing the knock in gasolineengines and-also that'they will not pol merize or gum up when used infuels. any of such compounds will be found to have a single doublebond,chemically speaking,as illustrated in the preced- Other fuelingredients known on the market may of course be added to the abovementioned compositions as desired. 7 1 1 Fuelsv prepared in this mannerwill have as a rule a good startin effect, a not too rapid rate of exlosion, an will be completely blended. hey will have a high calorific.value and may yet bemanufactured commercially at low cost. lit mayfurther be mentioned that fuels hich contain only one or twohydrocarbons in considerable I proportions give a more uniform explosioncurve than in the case of complicated fuel mixtures.

As many apparently Widely different embodiments of this invention may bemade Without departing from the spirit thereof, it is to be understoodthat I do not intend to limit myself to the specific embodiment thereofexcept as indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A liquid fuel composition comprising a lower member of the monohydricalcohol series; a butylene; and a light petroleum distillate.

2. A liquid fuel composition comprising a lower member of the monohydricalcohol series; an unsaturated open chain hydroteees o carbon having aboiling point below 50 6.; and a light petroleum distillate.

3. A liquid fuel composition comprising about thirty to seventy parts ofa lower member of the monohydric alcohol series; about twenty five tofifty parts oit' a light petroleum distillate; and about five to fifteenparts of a butylene.

4. A liquid fuel composition comprising about 50 parts of ethyl alcohol,about 40 parts of a light petroleum distillate, and about 10 parts ofnormal butylene.

5. A liquid fuel composition comprising a lower member of the monohydricalcohol series; an unsaturated open chain hydrocarbon having a singledouble bond; and a light petroleum distillate.

\ In testimony that l claim. the foregoing,

li havehereunto set my hand this 5th day of December, 1921.

DQNALD' B. KEYES.

